Number Of Poles | 4.0 |
Class | B |
Brand | Hakel |
Phase | Three Phase |
Number Of Poles | 4.0, 2.0 |
Class | A, B, C |
Phase | Three Phase |
Class | B |
Number Of Poles | 2.0 |
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Class | B |
Number Of Poles | 4.0 |
Brand | Hakel |
The protection of equipment from threatening electrical disturbances that occur on the power grid and inside customer facilities and the protection of equipment from conducted disturbances (i.e., emissions) are critical to the life and operation of any electronic equipment. These are two issues for manufacturers that must not be taken lightly. Manufacturers are under continued economic pressure to design and manufacture equipment that must perform as their customer expect. Moreover, manufacturers have profit margins that must be met if they are to satisfy their investors and continue to develop new products for our digital society. Equipment failures and malfunctions caused by EMI problems and voltage surges can be dealt with in an economically effective way without compromising equipment protection or performance.
Two of the technologies that have grown to be commonly used in product design in the last few decades are passive EMI filters using primarily capacitors and inductors and metal oxide varistors (MOVs), respectively.
EMI filters have been used much longer than MOVs. Many new topologies for EMI filters have been designed and implemented. Essentially all of them make use of additional filter components (i.e. capacitors and inductors) to form multi-stage filters. Thousands of new products routinely fail conducted EMI tests when trying to achieve US or international compliance as defined by rules and regulations attempting to avoid EMI problems. Each and every product designer can a “horror story” when trying to achieve EMC compliance. Forensic analyses of many failed products on the market today revealed that product failures were caused by early MOV failure. Many products also suffer from undetectable damage to EMI filters caused by improper or no protection of filter elements from voltage surges.
Phase | Single Phase |
Number Of Poles | 4.0 |
Class | B, C, A |
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